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  • ZFM Advanced Explorations

    Hello to All,

    The ZFM, as conceived by the late John Bedini and subsequently built by Peter Lindemann, is a very intriguing motor as demonstrated in the ZFM Replication thread. That thread delineates the workings of this motor and provides the basic conceptual and design information necessary for replication. The ZFM Conference Presentation video is also helpful in fleshing out certain details.

    The key elements of the ZFM as executed by Lindemann and demonstrated at the 2016 and 2017 Conferences are twin opposing coils, each of about 90 degree arc with an internal four pole iron rotor with four Neo magnets in a NSNS configuration. The motor is energized and controlled by the Bedini Cole Bipolar switch via a timing rotor and reed switches.

    There are a number of possible design arrangements, however this thread will use the PL(Lindemann)ZFM configuration for the explorations since one replicated ZFM unit is at hand. This motor, the YZFM, has quite a few hours of operation under its belt and is easily modified which suits the purpose of this thread.

    The explorations will use the same timing parameters for the YZFM that were demonstrated at the last conference. The parameters are as follows: 1) Firing Angle (FA) of 60-65 degrees (Degrees of Arc that coil is energized), 2) Advance (Adv) of ~45 degrees (Degrees of Arc where firing is initiated as measured from the center point between the coils) and 3) an operating voltage of 36v DC. This is a less aggressive tuning for this machine, but it still demonstrates very good performance and is a stable configuration for the YZFM and the purposes of this thread.

    The first step taken was to modify the motor by removing all the stainless steel fasteners (Cap screws) and retaining straps, and replacing with nylon bolts and using EPDM bungee cords for motor positioning and retention. The pillow block bearings were remounted further away from the motor body as suggested by others. The major modification involved replacing the earlier 3/4"Dx3/8"T Neo's with 1"Dx3/8"T Neo's. The timing rotor Neo's were reconfigured to a NS arrangement from the initial NN arrangement. These several simple modifications stabilized the performance of the motor and produced a consistent behavior that yields well over 10,000 RPM at 0.62Amp and 36v.

    Click image for larger version

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    The next post will explore varying the axial position of the Rotor Neo's with respect to the centerline of the coils. As always, questions relevant to the thread will be answered as time permits.

    Yaro
    Last edited by Yaro1776; 11-11-2017, 08:02 AM. Reason: Insert Modified YZFM image
    Yaro

    "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

  • #2
    Rotor and Coil Positioning

    The first experiment with the modified YZFM was to move the motor body axially in both directions from the centerline of the Neo/coil interface. The purpose here is to observe the performance impact as the 1"D Neo's position is moved from one edge to the other of the 1.5" coil width. The data is as follows for 36v:

    Left Edge 10,260 RPM @0.62A; 22.3 watts

    Centered 10,366 RPM @0.62A; 22.3 watts

    Right Edge 10,380 RPM @0.63A; 22.7 watts

    The results in the above are obvious - moving the Neo/rotor axially within the boundaries of the coil width has no observable impact on the performance results. The limits can be pushed further when the motor mounting board is modified at a later date - intent here is to push the outer edge of the rotor Neo beyond the edge of the coil. As a note of interest, one end was capable of being pushed about an 1/8" beyond the edge of the coil without any observable impact on performance. A very excellent and informative experiment that demonstrates the interaction/influence of the induced magnetic fields!

    The amperage data is now taken from the computer screen and the TET amperage sensor is located on the negative wire to the batteries. The RPM's are currently read with a handheld laser tachometer. At a later date an optical RPM instrument will be installed so that the real time values of both RPM and Amps can be viewed graphically.

    As a performance note the edge readings experience a definite surge in amps around 9,600 RPM with a rapid corresponding increase in RPM. The amp readings then settle down to about the same value before the surge. There are other speed points with a minor surge/kick. The centered Neo position is a bit smoother

    At a later date this will be documented via a short YouTube video. No time to do all the fancy editing required as of now and will wait until the torque assembly is completed.

    The torque testing assembly is still in process of being finalized and then assembled. Lots to do with so little time - but still a great adventure.

    Yaro
    Last edited by Yaro1776; 11-22-2017, 01:26 PM. Reason: Add power for claeification
    Yaro

    "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

    Comment


    • #3
      To Torque or not to Torque

      Hello all,

      The torque testing of the ZFM is a very essential component in determining the performance of this motor. In keeping with the low budget nature approach, the testing process was simplified to its most essential, albeit, primitive nature.

      Useful references to the simplified approach can be found at the following: http://www.energyscienceforum.com/sh...indemann+Video and at page 30 in http://books.google.com/books?id=Eq8...page&q&f=false

      This should get you started on the right path. So onto the data from the prior post's YZFM configuration. Now we did run the tests again and the following are the simplified/best results for the left, center and right coil positions, noted are the output watts.

      Left edge 8,540 RPM @ 0.84A with 8.34 watts
      Center 8,560 RPM @ 0.84A with 8.36 watts
      Right edge 8,580 RPM @ 0.83A with 8.38 watts

      The load on the shaft was 150 gr in all the above. All this yields a nominal efficiency of about 28%. Not very impressive. However, the purpose of this test was to verify that the magnetic fields are very wide. This result strongly suggests that the Neo length could be extended, at least, to the width of the coil and may improve the performance of this ZFM. James McD. has done this modification and states that it definitely kicks the torque up a notch or two. That will be the next mission - longer rotor and longer/thicker Neo's. Early days yet.

      The Torque testing apparatus (pic below) was built from easily obtainable parts. The vertical support - electrical conduit (0.600"ID) 2 ft. length, (1) Horizontal lever arm - about 3 ft. of 1"x3/4" hardwood or equivalent, (1) 3/8" expandable anchor wedge, 2"Lx3/4" bolt, (1) 4-1/2" steel angle bracket, (2) very small hooks, (2) O'Haus 1000 gram Spring Scales (Davis) and a (1) 1/4-20x 2 1/2"L bolt and nut.One soft leather belt with a rough side. Cut to length desired and punch holes, abrade the area of shaft/pulley contact. Hang weights on lever arm - water bottle works fine.

      Click image for larger version

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      Assemble by driving wedge into the conduit flush. Drill a 3/8" hole in the center of the angle bracket. Drill 1/4" hole in conduit about 20'-22" from wedge end. Bolt bracket into wedge and assemble torque apparatus. Clamp to table edge. Go play!

      Happy Thanksgiving,
      Yaro
      Yaro

      "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

      Comment


      • #4
        ZFM with 1-1/2"Lx1"Wx1/2"T Neo's

        Hello all,

        The next step with the YZFM was to machine an 1-1/2" long Aluminum rotor to be outfitted with a 3/8" thick Neo in keeping with the experimental progression. Not to be, the search for this thickness with a 1-1/2"Lx1"W was unsuccessful and a 1/2"T Neo was substituted. The prior testing and anecdotal testing strongly suggested this would improve the torque of the ZFM.

        The big Neo's are a handful and require focused attention for proper assembly. For ease of assembly the Aluminum rotor had a 1/2"Dia steel pin inserted through the center. The Loctite 332 structural adhesive was used for attaching the Neo's to the Al rotor. The first Neo was simple to position, however the opposing Neo was more challenging - hence the steel pin and this helped. After attaching the first set of Neo's the assembly was clamped is a wooden vice. The next two Neo's were installed very carefully using wooden shims to slide into position. Another wooden clamp was used on these Neo's and the assembly allowed to sit for about an hour before curing - temp in my outside work area was a balmy 29F.

        Click image for larger version

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        The rotor assembly was placed into a Pyrex bowl and covered, then wrapped with a towel for insulation. This was set on the Barbeque grill and heated so that the internal temperature was 130F-140F and then cured for about 3 hours. Bear in mind that the maximum recommended temperature for the Neo's is between 170F-180F. Exposure to higher temperatures will degrade the magnetic capability of the Neo. The final step was to wrap the rotor with three layers of fiberglass shipping tape after mounting and positioning on the shaft.

        The motor was proofed progressively at higher speeds and voltages (12v, 24v, 36v and 48v). Immediately obvious that the timing and dwell needed to be modified with the new rotor. The FA (firing angle) was reduced to 50-55 degrees and this helped immensely. The advance adjustment has become much more sensitive over the prior rotor.

        Anyway, the motor definitely has more torque and will still achieve the same speeds as the prior assembly at 36v, albeit with a greater amperage draw. The bottom end torque is impressive, particularly at 48v.

        So for no load 36v; 10,186 RPM at 1.16A, nearly double the prior rotor. Okay let us look at an example of the developed power, but at a more working and useful RPM.
        Small rotor 5,099 RPM at 1.16A; output 9.98 watts with a 300gr load - efficiency 23.84%
        Large rotor 5,111 RPM at 1.60A; output 14.64 watts with a 440gr load - efficiency 25.41%

        The above results demonstrate that the modification of the rotor/Neo length to equal the coil width has great merit. The 48v testing has shown the same type of result. The larger rotor has a very obvious quirk at higher speeds for both of the higher voltages. At about 85-90% of max RPM there is a sudden major acceleration accompanied by about a 10% increase in amperage draw. First time is a bit unsettling, particularly at 48v, when the RPM jumped to 12,700 RPM.

        The tuning process is not quite complete. There is still the sense that the motor is fighting itself.

        Happy Cyber Monday,
        Yaro
        Last edited by Yaro1776; 11-25-2017, 02:46 PM. Reason: Syntax
        Yaro

        "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

        Comment


        • #5
          Upbeat ZFM for Cyber Monday

          Hello to All in the Provinces,

          So after the last series of experiments and the so-so results the experimental test plan was modified. Initially speed was the focus and this obviously was not a winner for COP. The Big Al rotor needed some encouragement, so the timing advance and firing angle approach were modified in the quest for more efficiency.

          From prior experience the firing angle (FA) was reduced (not measured as yet) and the advance retarded progressively. This resulted in an increase in overall efficiency (COP) from around 25% to 40%. Mega gain!

          This motor does become gutsy as the timing is modified, though still maintaining the 40% efficiency.

          For 36v: 4,572 RPM @1.07A with a 515gr load; output 15.73 watts, overall efficiency 40%. Not too shabby for a home built motor.

          Next was a dry start under a 540 gram load. Can the ZFM do this? No problem - this dry start yielded the same efficiency. The motor produced 15.79 watts of power at 4493 RPM @ 1.11A.

          So what are the next steps in this experimentation process? Stay tuned, for sure a video is in the making...

          Happy Cyber Monday,
          Yaro
          Yaro

          "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

          Comment


          • #6
            Hello to all,

            Some definite speed bumps in my free time for experimental work. Real world intrusions and battery problems in the early part of this month have put a crimp in my video plans. Anyway, when I have had an opportunity to have some play time I continue to pursue minimizing the input to the YZFM. Decided to look more deeply into the design of the motor and assess the impact of the numerous variables. My sense is that the motor is not fully optimized and continues to fight itself. It is very evident, at least to my perception of the motor in operation.

            So going back to basics, the firing angle was tuned in to about 60-65 degrees of coil on time (coil energized). This is a reasonable and comfortable area with fairly predictable results with small changes in advance/retard of the actual firing point within the coil 90 degree arc segment. Complex sentence for sure.

            Anyway, from a result perspective at nominal 36v input voltage, with some manipulation of the firing angle and advance/retard, the motor was able to run at nearly 7,900 RPM at an input of 0.3 A. Using the actual voltage the input power was 9.99 Watts.

            It has become increasingly evident that the output power of this motor can be manipulated to yield about 25 watts. Input voltage, FA and Advance play a large factor in the power output equation. The goal here is to minimize input and maximize output

            The only way that some of this can be explained is through a video. Definitely in the works and assuming no major time demands from the outside world. The torque measurement device and associated output power will be demonstrated in the very near future for this aspect of the experiments.

            No time to play....
            Yaro
            Yaro

            "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

            Comment


            • #7
              ZFM Torque Testing Demonstration.1

              Happy Holidays to all,

              The end of the year pressured me to finally execute A ZFM Torque video just to give all a flavor of the process. This post will be fleshed sometime after the "2018 Party".

              The video may have a few rough edges, but it does get the point across.



              Happy New Year,
              Yaro
              Yaro

              "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

              Comment


              • #8
                Hi Yaro,

                Just wanted to let you know that I finally ordered most of the presentation videos from the 2017 conference and really appreciated the new information, insights, and John's lab notes from your presentation. I also greatly enjoyed watching your talk and the way you presented it. Great job!

                I've been regularly following your progress with the ZFM in this thread and am very interested in your progress even though I seldom comment. The ZFM is one of several machines I still want to build, but seem to run into too many distractions. Plus I need to get back to, and improve upon, the attraction motor plus low drag generator replication I started some time ago.

                Happy New Year,

                Comment


                • #9
                  Happy New Year Gary,

                  Appreciate your positive comments on the ZFM project and with the New Year I hope to see further progress on your project. I have been having some minor glitches the past few days posting on ESF - I hope that this works.

                  Yaro
                  Yaro

                  "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

                  Comment


                  • #10
                    Toque Demo Take two

                    Hello to All - this was written on Jan 1 and delayed by a series of comm and software problems;

                    The New Year was welcomed in by stepping outside for a short walk - well sir, the -15F temperature rapidly evaporated the fuzzies from the earlier celebration. Turned out to be a very short walk...

                    The previous post's video demonstrated the poor man's torque test device. Seemingly crude, but it does produce consistent data that can be chewed on. The YZFM was configured in a very mild state of tune - meaning the operating RPM was a relatively modest 6,275 at 0.34A and 37.75v without any applied external load. This point, FA (firing angle), was selected because it displayed the lowest amperage draw within a narrow range of RPM along with the fact that the coil firing was initiated around the center point of the coil.

                    From this position retarding the FA will increase the amp draw and diminish speed, increasing the FA with advance will increase the RPM and amp draw. This happens to be a relatively neutral and happy location.

                    For demonstration purposes a modest load was applied to the running YZFM by sliding the high tech weight along the lever arm to yield 300gr of force to the 1/2"D motor shaft. This action immediately reduced the speed down to 5,025 RPM and increasing the draw to 0.66A - a very stable configuration. The next step was to bring the motor to a full stop by removing the power and then restarting the motor under load. Done and no problem. The motor started up and stabilized speed with the amp draw nearly identical to the previous run. Go to next post.
                    Last edited by Yaro1776; 01-05-2018, 06:09 PM.
                    Yaro

                    "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

                    Comment


                    • #11
                      Torque Demo Take Three

                      The limitations of the thread software force the splitting of the post. Continuing;

                      So from an energy perspective the input to the motor from the battery bank yields 24.9 watts, while the motor output for the given load and RPM on a 0.500"D shaft yields 9.8 watts. Overall, the COP is 0.39 for the entire ZFM system.

                      The YZFM in its current configuration will yield up to 25 watts of output with appropriate tuning. For the time being the ongoing experiments will focus on low speed tuning.

                      The ZFM odyssey continues...

                      Happy New Year,
                      Yaro
                      Last edited by Yaro1776; 01-20-2018, 03:32 PM. Reason: Output clarification
                      Yaro

                      "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

                      Comment


                      • #12
                        Hi Yaro,

                        The post before your last one was the longest it would let you post? I think it is setup to allow much longer posts.
                        Aaron Murakami





                        You never change things by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.” ― Richard Buckminster Fuller

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                        • #13
                          Originally posted by Aaron Murakami View Post
                          Hi Yaro,

                          The post before your last one was the longest it would let you post? I think it is setup to allow much longer posts.
                          Aaron,

                          In Advanced mode when a certain length is exceeded the Preview post comes up a blank page. Same issue as earlier this week, however by deleting text and sentences the preview will come back when the text is a certain length. May be just an issue for my computer set-up or it may just correct itself.

                          Yaro
                          Yaro

                          "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

                          Comment


                          • #14
                            Yaro, I verified that any member should be able to post up to 10k characters per message.

                            It sounds like the forum bugged out, which that exact problem has only happened in Energetic Forum once in a blue moon but I have seen it myself but do not know why it happens.

                            I apologize for the inconvenience! Especially when I can't do anything about it.

                            For many posts, I usually type them into a text document (to eliminate formatting code from MS Word) and the paste it into the forum in in case there are any issues with lag, connectivity or the forum itself.
                            Aaron Murakami





                            You never change things by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.” ― Richard Buckminster Fuller

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                            • #15
                              ZFM Complemetary Forces - The Yin and Yang of Polarity Part 1

                              Hello to All,

                              The previous Torque Test video was executed with a timing configuration that was essentially balanced from a push-pull perspective. Another way to describe this configuration is by stating that the Attractive and Repulsive forces were essentially balanced, but with a Repulsion bias. If one visualizes the 90 degree arc of the ZFM coil each pole has a given polarity that is switched back and forth by the timing. N-S, N-S, etc.

                              In Attraction mode the motor Neo is pulled to the opposite polarity and in Repulsion mode it is pushed away from the same polarity. Energizing the coil and having the appropriate Firing Angle (Coil on time) allows both modes to drive the motor as it rotates between the induced polarities within/outside the coil. Hence Zero Force motor...

                              The driving or energetic force within the motor is the Repulsion aspect (Yang). For example if the timing is way, way biased to the Attractive aspect (Yin) the motor will lock up in position - it cannot be rotated at the higher voltages.

                              Rotating the firing point 90 degrees brings the motor Neo to the same polarity - all Repulsive force. The motor rotor cannot be kept in this position as the input voltage to the coil is increased - it just moves.

                              So any astute observer would attempt to balance these forces for maximum performance of the motor. Well in this instance the balance point or neutral zone between the coil polarities yields the maximum motor efficiency. Interestingly the Bloch wall resides within or is this neutral zone. From the Bloch zone the electric magnetic fields emanate into their complementary polarities. The Neutral line or zone!

                              More to come,
                              Yaro
                              Yaro

                              "The Universe is under no obligation to make sense to you." -Neil Degrasse Tyson

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